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Investigation of the Factors Effecting on Column Efficiency of Polymer Monolithic Column Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Doudou Zhang,
Beijiao Cui,
Xiaoya Jiang,
Ligai Bai,
Haiyan Liu
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, November 2016
Pages:
20-27
Received:
27 August 2016
Accepted:
23 September 2016
Published:
14 October 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpst.20160202.11
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Abstract: In the present work, polymer monolithic columns were prepared via atom transfer radical polymerization technique by using triallyl isocyanurate as monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross linking agent, polyethyleneglycol 200 and 1,4-butylene glycol as binary porogens, N,N-dimethylformamide as solvent, FeCl2 as catalyst, and CCl4 as initiator. Different monolithic columns were obtained by changing the conditions or columns sizes. These columns were used as the stationary phases of high performance liquid chromatography to investigate the factor effecting on the column efficiency. The effects of column diameter (D), pore size (d), porosity (Ö), and linear velocity of the mobile phase (u) on the performance of polymer monolithic columns were studied and the results certified that the plug-like flow in the column was one of the key factors shaping high performance. Furthermore, a structural hydrodynamic model was introduced to investigate the effects of polymer morphology on the performance of liquid chromatography with monolithic columns.
Abstract: In the present work, polymer monolithic columns were prepared via atom transfer radical polymerization technique by using triallyl isocyanurate as monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross linking agent, polyethyleneglycol 200 and 1,4-butylene glycol as binary porogens, N,N-dimethylformamide as solvent, FeCl2 as catalyst, and CCl4 as initiat...
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Studies with Model Membrane: Determination of Fixed Charge Density of Silver Sulfite Membrane
Khaled Muftah Elsherif,
Maisson Mohammed Yaghi
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, November 2016
Pages:
28-33
Received:
17 September 2016
Accepted:
10 November 2016
Published:
5 December 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpst.20160202.12
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Abstract: Parchment-supported silver sulfite membrane has been prepared by the interaction method. The membrane potential across the membrane in contact with different 1:1 electrolytes has been measured. The experimentally measured membrane potential values were used to evaluate the thermodynamically effective fixed charge density of the membrane-electrolyte systems using Teorell, Meyer, and Sievers (T. M. S.), Altug and Hair, and Kobatake et. al. theories. The values of effective charge densities were quite low (they were in order of 10-2 – 10-3 eq/l) and hence very difficult to determine by usual exchange methods. The values of effective charge densities by different theories were the same order of magnitude for each membrane-electrolyte system. The theoretical predictions for membrane potential were borne out quite satisfactorily by experimental results obtained with the membranes. Apparent transference numbers of coions and permselectivity values of the membrane-electrolytes have also been calculated. A method based on permselectivity values for determination of charge density was also used. It was interesting to note that the charge densities evaluated from two methods of Kobatake and co-workers gave similar values and that the results were comparable to those derived from the TMS method.
Abstract: Parchment-supported silver sulfite membrane has been prepared by the interaction method. The membrane potential across the membrane in contact with different 1:1 electrolytes has been measured. The experimentally measured membrane potential values were used to evaluate the thermodynamically effective fixed charge density of the membrane-electrolyte...
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Aqueous and Solvent Extraction of Natural Colorants from Tagetes Erecta L., Lawsonia Inermis, Rosa L for Coloration of Cellulosic Substrates
Mohammad Neaz Morshed,
Hridam Deb,
Shamim Al Azad,
Mst. Zakia Sultana,
Ashaduzzaman,
Arun Kanti Guha
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, November 2016
Pages:
34-39
Received:
30 September 2016
Accepted:
20 October 2016
Published:
30 December 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpst.20160202.13
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Abstract: Natural dyes obtained from renewable resources of nature such as plant and animal, although natural dyes from minerals of the earth are also known. Extraction of natural dyes from plant sources and improvement of physico-chemical properties of corresponding dyed fabrics through introducing different mordant were reported in this research. Three south Asian plants (Tagetes erecta L., Lawsonia inermis, Rosa L.,) were selected as natural sources for the extraction of natural colorants. Aqueous and Solvent extraction method using water, acetone and ethanol was employed for liquid dyes. With the help of mordents extracted colorants has been installed into the cellulosic fabric. The samples were characterized with spectrophotometer. Physical test were performed under corresponding ISO standards. Results shows excellent coloring ability of extracted colorants thus can be a potential substitute of synthetic dye as a sustainable approach to clean production.
Abstract: Natural dyes obtained from renewable resources of nature such as plant and animal, although natural dyes from minerals of the earth are also known. Extraction of natural dyes from plant sources and improvement of physico-chemical properties of corresponding dyed fabrics through introducing different mordant were reported in this research. Three sou...
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Antimicrobial Evaluation of Silver Nanoparticle-Polymer Composites Prepared by Gamma Radiation
Rita Singh,
Durgeshwer Singh,
Antaryami Singh
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, November 2016
Pages:
40-46
Received:
17 October 2016
Accepted:
22 December 2016
Published:
12 January 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpst.20160202.14
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Abstract: The aim of the present study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticle-polymer composites prepared by in situ synthesis of the silver nanoparticles within the polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) hydrogel and by direct addition of the silver nanoparticles into the polymer matrix prepared using gamma radiation technology. The antimicrobial activity of the PVP-nanosilver hydrogels prepared with different concentrations of 30, 50, 70 and 100 ppm silver was tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. Hydrogels with 100 ppm nanosilver prepared by in situ reduction of silver resulted in about 3 to 5 log reduction in microbial counts after 3 hours as compared to about 2-log reduction with hydrogels prepared by addition of nanosilver. Comparison of the microbial reduction rates in the presence of two types of hydrogels have shown higher antimicrobial effects of nanosilver prepared by in situ reduction of silver by gamma radiation in the polymer matrix.
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticle-polymer composites prepared by in situ synthesis of the silver nanoparticles within the polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) hydrogel and by direct addition of the silver nanoparticles into the polymer matrix prepared using gamma radiation technology. The antimicro...
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Adsorption of Metallic Ions in Lamellar Crystalline Compounds Intercalated with Organic Molecules
Mauricio Guilherme Vieira,
Angélica Machi Lazarin
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, November 2016
Pages:
47-53
Received:
16 September 2016
Accepted:
2 November 2016
Published:
13 January 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpst.20160202.15
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Abstract: This work describes the synthesis and characterization of crystalline lamellar calcium phosphate intercalated with m-aminobenzoic acid (CaP/MABA), and results of a study of adsorption and preconcentration of Zn(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II), and in ethanol medium. The adsorption isotherms from ethanol gave the maximum adsorption capacities of 1.43, 1.04, .030 and 0.19 mmol g-1 for copper, nickel, cobalt and zinc, respectively, which average stability constants followed Zn(II) > Ni(II) > Co(II) > Cu(II); the number of ligands was determined as four for both cations. The results obtained in flow experiments showed a retention and recovery of ca. 100% of the metal ion with packed CaP/MABA columns from solution containing a mixture of these cations.
Abstract: This work describes the synthesis and characterization of crystalline lamellar calcium phosphate intercalated with m-aminobenzoic acid (CaP/MABA), and results of a study of adsorption and preconcentration of Zn(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II), and in ethanol medium. The adsorption isotherms from ethanol gave the maximum adsorption capacities of 1.43...
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